Transcript
WEBVTT
00:00:01.588 --> 00:00:04.139
All right, and welcome back to Life-Changing Challengers.
00:00:04.139 --> 00:00:14.121
Again, I'm your host, brad Minus, and I am super honored today to probably have one of the most interesting episodes with me I have.
00:00:14.121 --> 00:00:21.053
You're not going to believe this, ladies and gentlemen, but I have Bond, joel David Bond, and he's with us today.
00:00:21.053 --> 00:00:24.571
He's a speaker, he's an author, he's a traveler.
00:00:24.571 --> 00:00:28.431
He's going to talk to us a little about reverse refugees.
00:00:28.431 --> 00:00:31.108
But first, how are you doing today, joel?
00:00:31.108 --> 00:00:32.643
I'm doing excellent Brad.
00:00:32.704 --> 00:00:33.848
Thanks so much for having me on today.
00:00:34.640 --> 00:00:40.840
Oh no, we appreciate you being here and Joel's in Kansas City right now, but he spends a lot of his time overseas.
00:00:40.840 --> 00:00:44.130
He's a true explorer and I'm really excited about it.
00:00:44.130 --> 00:00:51.462
Can you tell us a little bit about your background, your childhood, the complement of your family and the environment you had growing up?
00:00:52.344 --> 00:01:00.731
Yeah, so my whole mission in life really is to help people connect across cross-cultural boundaries, help you navigate those sorts of cultural terrain.
00:01:00.731 --> 00:01:05.391
Growing up, I remember playing make-believe with your friends out in the schoolyard.
00:01:05.391 --> 00:01:10.673
You know, police, fireman, nurse, doctor, whatever it is I always played explorer.
00:01:10.673 --> 00:01:13.691
I wanted to be Indiana Jones growing up, my best friend.
00:01:13.691 --> 00:01:32.465
She lived sort of catty-quarter behind our house and we lived in this developing neighborhood and there were these big boulders at the end of the road that backed up to this big park and there's a ravine there and it was all sort of under development and I remember growing up and just thinking this was the end of the world right here, it's the end of our neighborhood being developed.
00:01:32.465 --> 00:01:35.141
And I always wanted to go and explore and like, let's go play.
00:01:35.141 --> 00:01:36.444
We call them the dinosaur rocks.
00:01:36.444 --> 00:01:40.162
Let's go play on the dinosaur rocks, let's go jump into the ravine, let's do all you know.
00:01:40.203 --> 00:01:49.347
And I just have such fond memories of like always wanting to see what was around the next corner and I think that's just sort of innate built within me.
00:01:49.347 --> 00:01:50.391
I'm going to call it genetic.
00:01:50.391 --> 00:01:51.718
I'll blame my mother for that.
00:01:51.718 --> 00:01:54.105
I just have these strong memories of always growing up and playing.
00:01:54.105 --> 00:01:55.950
You know, make believe explorer.
00:01:55.950 --> 00:02:00.745
You know Indiana Jones let's, you know, fly off to the moon and be an astronaut.
00:02:00.745 --> 00:02:07.760
Or, you know, go and find some lost civilization someplace, an astronaut.
00:02:07.760 --> 00:02:09.264
Or go and find some lost civilization someplace.
00:02:09.264 --> 00:02:10.729
And so that, really, I think, has just been my clarion call.
00:02:10.729 --> 00:02:14.145
My entire life has just been to see what's around the next corner, and it's stuck with me ever since I was a kid.
00:02:14.766 --> 00:02:15.949
What did your mother do for a living?
00:02:17.161 --> 00:02:23.804
So my mother was a stay-at-home mom for most of my growing up and then transitioned into being a librarian for a long time.
00:02:23.804 --> 00:02:33.054
But both of my parents were keen on letting my brothers and I explore and understand the world beyond our own confines.
00:02:33.054 --> 00:02:35.426
We didn't have a lot of money to travel growing up.
00:02:35.426 --> 00:02:39.949
We never really went anywhere that I can recall, other than a few camping trips here in the Midwest.
00:02:39.949 --> 00:02:42.481
They always wanted to bring the world to our doorstep.
00:02:42.481 --> 00:02:52.164
We'd go on mom's field trips to the art museum or the local cultural festival, or she made connections just through local churches or organizations with refugees.
00:02:52.224 --> 00:02:54.030
Growing up I didn't know they were refugees.
00:02:54.030 --> 00:03:03.846
They were just these really cool people that showed up at our house who were from Kenya or El Salvador or wherever, and she just wanted to make sure that we knew that the rest of the world was out there.
00:03:03.846 --> 00:03:12.406
And so by the time I got to college and was able to sort of travel more extensively on my own, the stage was set.
00:03:12.406 --> 00:03:13.884
Now it's spoiled for life.
00:03:13.884 --> 00:03:16.286
Mom's field trips had ruined me, wow.
00:03:16.286 --> 00:03:24.584
So my undergraduate was here in the US, just outside of Chicago, but I finished my master's just a few years ago out of the University of Nottingham in the UK.
00:03:24.604 --> 00:03:27.847
Oh nice Okay but I finished my master's just a few years ago out of the University of Nottingham in the UK.
00:03:27.847 --> 00:03:32.031
Oh, nice, okay, so I'm from Chicago, so you need to tell me where did you go to school?
00:03:32.151 --> 00:03:34.794
I went to Wheaton College, just outside of Chicago.
00:03:34.894 --> 00:03:37.877
Yeah, I grew up in Bartlett, oh nice, right down the street.
00:03:37.877 --> 00:03:41.801
See, small world right, small world right.
00:03:41.801 --> 00:03:43.444
You went to Nottingham for business school.
00:03:43.444 --> 00:03:44.186
I went to DC.
00:03:44.186 --> 00:03:45.268
I went to business school.
00:03:45.268 --> 00:03:46.670
You got your master's in international.
00:03:46.670 --> 00:03:47.893
Very sweet, all right.
00:03:47.893 --> 00:03:49.294
So MSCD, right.
00:03:50.381 --> 00:03:58.034
Yeah, so I started with the PGCE, which is a postgraduate certificate in education and that just masters in education, curriculum design basically.
00:03:59.360 --> 00:04:06.213
What did you find in the difference between the education system in Chicago here in the States versus Nottingham?
00:04:07.760 --> 00:04:34.910
You know it's a little bit hard to compare because it's apples for oranges in this regard because my undergrad versus my master's having worked alongside British education for a long time, both in high school and primary school levels all the way up through master's degree it is much more regimented over there in terms of you kind of get channeled into a particular track and so that you're much more focused and a lot of the onus, I feel lies more on the student rather than the teacher.
00:04:34.910 --> 00:04:43.665
As a student, the responsibility to learn is on you and I feel here in the us we tend to spoon feed our studentsa bit more than what happens over there in the UK.
00:04:50.199 --> 00:04:50.841
Well, that's super interesting.
00:04:50.841 --> 00:04:51.764
I happen to follow a couple of people.
00:04:51.764 --> 00:04:54.470
The biggest thing with turning point USA right now is they're like hey, you know, college is a scam.
00:04:54.470 --> 00:05:00.011
You can learn more just by reading books and getting out into the world and doing all this stuff at.
00:05:00.011 --> 00:05:16.713
Exactly what you're saying is you're getting all this stuff for all this money, and what you're basically stating sounds excellent to me as far as being you know, maybe the rest of the world's got a better idea on how to actually get an education versus basically Disneyland.
00:05:17.259 --> 00:05:18.947
Yeah, I mean British education.
00:05:18.947 --> 00:05:29.449
The education system in the UK is actually one of their biggest exports in terms of like commodity, you know, in quotes, and so bring, you know, foreign students coming into the UK as well.
00:05:29.449 --> 00:05:43.382
As you know, programs like Pearson, cambridge International, et cetera, you know, export their curriculum and their system around the world to all these international schools, which is actually how I got into teaching was through Cambridge International and British International School schooling.
00:05:43.382 --> 00:05:49.254
So yeah, I mean I found in general the system over there is very systematic.
00:05:49.254 --> 00:05:59.519
The Brits in general, having naturalized as a British citizen myself, like I understand, you know from the inside, you know it's very much of an organizational system where, like there's structures, like the routines, which appeals to my nature.
00:05:59.519 --> 00:06:05.839
I think the responsibility for education, for learning, really does lie a lot more on the student over there.
00:06:05.839 --> 00:06:11.833
There's a sort of sense that students need to do their own research in order to come to their own conclusions.
00:06:13.401 --> 00:06:14.485
Was it St John's?
00:06:14.485 --> 00:06:21.072
It's over on the East Coast, where and one of these colleges basically is, every year you're given 100 books.
00:06:21.072 --> 00:06:24.466
Oh, wow, and I mean that's the curriculum.
00:06:24.466 --> 00:06:25.795
All four years freshman, sophomore, junior, senior you're given a hundred books.
00:06:25.795 --> 00:06:26.045
Oh, wow, and I mean that's the curriculum.
00:06:26.045 --> 00:06:33.588
All four years freshman, sophomore, junior, senior you're given a hundred books and at the end of the year you're given a written test and then you have to defend it.
00:06:33.588 --> 00:06:45.048
You've got to defend it and you have to go up for orals and they literally the professors, will give you questions, theoretical, not did you read the book?
00:06:45.048 --> 00:06:48.764
The theoretical side is what you learned, and I always thought that that was fascinating.
00:06:48.764 --> 00:06:50.750
And I can go up on tension.
00:06:50.750 --> 00:06:52.141
You and I can talk about education forever.
00:06:52.141 --> 00:06:53.704
So let's move on.
00:06:53.704 --> 00:06:57.853
So you graduate from Nottingham, and then what happens?
00:06:58.860 --> 00:07:02.430
My graduation from Nottingham I came in 2022 was when I actually finished the degree.
00:07:02.430 --> 00:07:45.742
Prior to that, I lived in the UK for 12 years and I worked in outdoor education, working with students and developing them in outdoor settings, doing group dynamics and socialization games, that sort of thing and I left that after about seven years and ended up finding a position in traditional education in British schooling, but at a British international school in Iraq, and so that's in 2016, I moved over to Northern Iraq and the Kurdistan region it was about an hour from the border with Iran and spent seven years working in education over there, helping rebuild in a post-conflict society, basically, and that was a phenomenal experience that lasted all the way up until this last October.
00:07:45.742 --> 00:07:57.824
Just absolutely loved living in the middle east, loved living in iraq, found that the people were the most incredibly warm, welcoming, hospitable people I'd ever met in the world and, yeah, phenomenal time there.
00:07:58.865 --> 00:08:06.336
I was called back to the military in 2003 for an advance party to Iraq and Afghanistan.
00:08:06.336 --> 00:08:11.807
So over here at Central Command in Florida, so yeah, the people are pretty amazing.
00:08:11.807 --> 00:08:14.293
If they're you know not extremist.
00:08:15.120 --> 00:08:19.199
Yeah, what I found when I first moved over there I mean, isis was still active in 2016.
00:08:19.199 --> 00:08:31.380
They were on their way out, but they were still active in parts of the country and I remember taking this position almost on a lark, like I hadn't really thought about what was happening in that part of the world.
00:08:31.380 --> 00:08:35.438
I was just like it's just like a good job, and I had the spirit of adventure.
00:08:35.438 --> 00:08:37.183
You know, I've got this indiana jones side of me.
00:08:37.183 --> 00:08:38.628
That's like let's go and do this right.
00:08:38.628 --> 00:08:41.962
But I also had this, you know, sort of fear and trembling in me as well.
00:08:41.962 --> 00:08:44.787
That was like, oh my goodness, like where am I going I get himself into?
00:08:44.787 --> 00:08:55.589
And I had to kind of step back for a moment and tell myself that you know, what's happening on the news is only a fraction of reality.
00:08:55.589 --> 00:09:03.522
You know it's real, the news is real, that stuff happens, but it's one percent of, you know out of the hundred percent of things that are happening on a daily level.
00:09:04.484 --> 00:09:12.791
And when I first first got this position, it was in a city called Slimani that I'd never heard of, and there's 2 million people that live around the region of Slimani there.
00:09:12.791 --> 00:09:19.881
And I said to my mother when I, you know, because she of course was, you know, aghast she's like, oh my gosh, where are you moving?
00:09:19.881 --> 00:09:22.823
And I said, well, mom, have you ever heard of the city?
00:09:22.823 --> 00:09:24.085
And she's like, well, no.
00:09:24.085 --> 00:09:25.927
And I'm like that's because nothing happens there.
00:09:25.927 --> 00:09:34.474
There's 2 million people get up and take their kids to school and go visit grandma, and buy milk from the supermarket and watch the football game and go to work and do all the things that you and I would do.
00:09:34.553 --> 00:09:49.089
It just so happens to be in a part of the world that has bad press most of the time back to america, because of protests and violence and racism and everything else that happens in politics and society, and you know gun control and whatever else.
00:09:49.089 --> 00:09:55.187
So you know, if you're just looking at the news, you know america is a terrible place, you know.
00:09:55.187 --> 00:10:22.960
Yeah, so some people might think it is a terrible place either way, but I mean, you know, you have to sort of take it with the good with the bad and recognize that, yes, the news is a part of daily reality, but it's only one small percentage of it, and that there's so much of your daily life that revolves around the good things and that's probably why there's the opinion of a lot of people about America right now which is negative, just because all they're getting is the news, right.
00:10:23.340 --> 00:10:25.561
But you went to Wheaton College, right?
00:10:25.561 --> 00:10:27.241
Nothing happens.
00:10:27.241 --> 00:10:32.783
Freaking Wheaton and Carroll Stream, glen, ellyn, bartlett, you know, nothing happens over there.
00:10:32.783 --> 00:10:35.684
You know if something happens, it's huge right.
00:10:35.684 --> 00:10:42.667
And it's probably the same way in the city that you can pronounce that I can't in Iraq, that I can't in Iraq.
00:10:42.667 --> 00:10:43.368
So I get it.
00:10:43.368 --> 00:10:54.051
And you know that's the same as I grew up I think I'm a little bit older than you, but I grew up and there was like there was like five channels two, five, seven, nine, 11, and 32.
00:10:54.051 --> 00:10:58.613
Those were the only channels we had, and news came on at five, six and 10.
00:10:58.613 --> 00:10:59.232
And that was it.
00:10:59.232 --> 00:11:07.956
But now, with CNN and all these different outlets, right, you get bombarded with all this information.
00:11:07.956 --> 00:11:14.339
So I can you know, and people don't seem to understand that you're getting bombarded with the 1%, yeah, yeah.
00:11:14.480 --> 00:11:23.192
You are just being bombarded left, right and center all the time, and I genuinely feel like the human spirit isn't designed to withstand that kind of weight of the world.
00:11:23.192 --> 00:11:31.509
We're designed to live in smaller communities Socially, anthropologically speaking, we're designed to live in smaller groups of 150 people plus.
00:11:31.509 --> 00:11:33.206
That's like your network, right?
00:11:33.206 --> 00:11:37.485
And here we are bearing the weight of 8 billion people on the nightly news every night.
00:11:37.485 --> 00:11:40.308
We're not evolutionarily designed to do that.
00:11:40.799 --> 00:11:49.048
A part of me, yes, it's good to keep up with what's happening in the world, but, yeah, you don't have that empathic energy to expend for everybody.
00:11:49.048 --> 00:11:50.851
That bandwidth just doesn't exist.
00:11:50.851 --> 00:12:04.864
And so it's learning to balance the that bandwidth within the community where you can serve, where you can actually make a difference, also recognizing that your communities do have impact on other communities around the world.
00:12:04.864 --> 00:12:07.846
You have no impact on that you can directly influence.
00:12:07.846 --> 00:12:13.227
And so for me, it's balancing you know, what do you know and what can you bring into your world.
00:12:13.227 --> 00:12:18.485
But also, how can you focus your energy and your empathy and your resource to actually make a difference in your immediate community?
00:12:19.889 --> 00:12:20.731
that's powerful.
00:12:20.731 --> 00:12:26.052
You had said that you went to Iraq after you finished your undergrad.
00:12:26.052 --> 00:12:30.162
Well, no, you went to the UK, yes, and you did some teaching.
00:12:30.162 --> 00:12:33.150
And then when did you end up going to Iraq?
00:12:33.150 --> 00:12:34.234
In 2016.
00:12:34.234 --> 00:12:35.597
All right, 2016.
00:12:35.597 --> 00:12:36.200
Yeah, 2016.
00:12:36.200 --> 00:12:38.240
And then you just said you just finished in 2022?
00:12:38.240 --> 00:12:38.240
.
00:12:38.961 --> 00:12:46.355
Yeah, so just last October in 2023, I was asked to evacuate from Iraq by the United States State Department.
00:12:46.355 --> 00:12:49.568
That ended my life there very quickly.
00:12:49.568 --> 00:12:53.889
I had 24 hours to leave and had basically seven years of my life.
00:12:53.889 --> 00:12:56.313
That got packed up and shipped out right away.
00:12:56.980 --> 00:13:01.129
Okay, so that was the deals of October 7, 2023.
00:13:01.129 --> 00:13:06.386
Yeah, actually, and it got you out of there, but you had a break.
00:13:07.249 --> 00:13:07.951
There was a break.
00:13:07.951 --> 00:13:18.001
That break is that year of the world that we shall not name, 2020, where I decided I was going to take a spring break vacation.
00:13:18.001 --> 00:13:19.764
Actually, I was just going to be gone for a week.
00:13:19.764 --> 00:13:46.578
So, march of 2020, I'm in iraq and I'm midway through my master's degree, finishing up my paper there and sort of doing distance learning on that point and doing Skype calls with my supervisor up in the UK, and decided it was time to sort of just downshift a little bit for all the great things that I can say about Iraq and how much I loved living there it is an intense place to live about Iraq and how much I loved living there it is an intense place to live.
00:13:46.578 --> 00:13:56.244
And so I said let's go someplace, kind of a little bit off grid, downshift for a week and like just regather before I come back and finish off this degree and finish off the academic year and you know, see where we go from there.
00:13:56.986 --> 00:14:10.216
So I flew off to this lesser touristed Greek Island, just off the coast of Turkey actually, and the day I arrived I wouldn't just my carry-on bag, thinking I'd be there for a week, right in a villa by the seaside.
00:14:10.216 --> 00:14:29.865
It was a little resort with very limited internet access and I'm like this sounds great, perfect retreat, just like downshift, you know, kind of go off grid a little bit, do some outdoor sports and activities mountain climbing, sea kayaking, whatever and the day I arrived on the island, the World Health Organization used the words global pandemic and the dominoes fell immediately.
00:14:29.865 --> 00:14:36.150
Borders were shut and what was going to be a one-week vacation on this Greek island dragged on into five months.
00:14:36.831 --> 00:14:39.663
Wow, of course, at the time.
00:14:39.985 --> 00:14:41.350
Nobody knew it was going to be that long.
00:14:41.350 --> 00:14:45.966
It was just another two weeks, we're going to quarantine another two weeks and it just dragged on.
00:14:45.966 --> 00:14:48.046
I, of course, don't speak Greek.
00:14:48.046 --> 00:14:50.066
I'd never been to this Greek island before.
00:14:50.066 --> 00:14:51.049
I didn't know anybody.
00:14:51.049 --> 00:15:00.095
I'd just gone by myself, totally isolated on this little mini retreat, somewhat off grid, and ended up just alone.
00:15:00.095 --> 00:15:04.792
And I was the only guest in this villa for four out of the five months that I was there.
00:15:04.792 --> 00:15:12.945
And the owner may he rest in peace is a great man.
00:15:12.945 --> 00:15:13.385
He was so friendly.
00:15:13.405 --> 00:15:14.692
It was just like I can't, you know, I can't charge you full price.
00:15:14.692 --> 00:15:19.004
Act of god, like just pay me monthly rent, here's the keys, the laundry room, take care of yourself, just don't give me covid.
00:15:19.004 --> 00:15:20.447
I was like okay.
00:15:20.447 --> 00:15:26.991
So I basically was kind of left my own devices and would walk to and from town every day.
00:15:26.991 --> 00:15:38.258
It's about a five mile walk one way to the town, to the one little tiny corner mini market where I would load up my backpack with bread and peanut butter and walk five miles back every day.
00:15:38.258 --> 00:15:39.360
I lost a lot of weight.
00:15:41.422 --> 00:15:54.490
I spent a lot of time just kind of video journaling and sitting by the sea and doing a lot of reading, a lot of introspective time really, and it was about two months into the entire experience as local restrictions started to lift.
00:15:55.572 --> 00:16:01.216
International borders were still closed, but locally on the greek islands, things were starting to lift and so I was able to go across the island.
00:16:01.216 --> 00:16:10.754
I was going to discover that there's a refugee camp on the far side of the island that was filled with all these refugees from iraq and syria, afghanistan, iran, all these places.
00:16:10.754 --> 00:16:24.366
Here I am a man from the west, caught in greece trying to get back to my adopted home in the middle east, who ends up volunteering to teach english to these refugees who are caught in greece trying to get to the west, ended up changing each other's lives immensely.
00:16:24.366 --> 00:16:46.432
I learned so much about the global migrant crisis, about what it is to be a refugee, about the whole underworld of trading people smuggling, as well as some of the root causes what's causing migration on this scale and then, of course, was able to give a voice a literal voice in english to a lot of these refugees who are seeking asylum onward in europe.
00:16:46.432 --> 00:16:55.538
So it really was a phenomenal experience I wish to never repeat so with all that time in iraq?
00:16:55.980 --> 00:17:00.956
I know you were teaching english, but were you, did you also learn some arabic or I Arabic?
00:17:00.956 --> 00:17:03.898
There's so many dialects I can't remember what they were speaking over there.
00:17:03.898 --> 00:17:04.599
It wasn't Farsi.
00:17:05.150 --> 00:17:10.532
So the area where I lived, the main dialect of Kurdish was Surabi, yeah, surabi, surabi, kurdish, yeah.
00:17:10.532 --> 00:17:14.372
So I did pick up, I tell people I know enough to get into trouble, just that out of it.
00:17:14.372 --> 00:17:19.042
And so I managed to be conversational on a basic level.
00:17:19.042 --> 00:17:22.612
Most of my daily workings were in english.
00:17:22.612 --> 00:17:23.673
My students, everything, was taught in english.
00:17:23.673 --> 00:17:35.234
The school was, um, operated in english, so I really had limited scope to learn and practice, but I made some headway and I'm really, you know, pleased with what I was able to accomplish on that did?
00:17:35.675 --> 00:17:37.902
were you able to communicate enough there?
00:17:37.902 --> 00:17:40.759
Were they speaking sorani too, or did they all have different dialects?
00:17:41.329 --> 00:17:42.736
They had mostly different dialects.
00:17:42.736 --> 00:17:56.821
So I remember I had two students and this vignette actually appears in my book, but it was one of the most shocking moments of my whole experience I had two students who were from Syria and they spoke Kurmanji, the alternate dialect.
00:17:56.821 --> 00:18:07.395
Really there's kind of two main dialects of Kurdish and Kurmanji is the more widely spoken one and there's enough similarities that I was able to make connections, you know, in basic vocabulary.
00:18:07.395 --> 00:18:12.530
But I remember you know these two young boys are living in this refugee camp.
00:18:12.530 --> 00:18:32.508
They were teenagers, not even 20, and the conditions in this camp on the island were so terrible that one night they were brought back by the Coast Guard because they had been caught trying to swim back to Turkey.
00:18:33.349 --> 00:18:55.756
So they'd paid thousands of dollars to be smuggled across the Aegean Sea into Greece, ended up in this refugee camp of dollars to be smuggled across the Aegean Sea into Greece, ended up in this refugee camp, and the conditions were such that they thought, well, it's better if we just go anywhere, but here and I think the implication was we could swim back to Turkey.
00:18:55.776 --> 00:18:58.605
It's about a mile at its narrowest point to Turkey, which is a mile through open water, deep water.
00:18:58.605 --> 00:19:09.698
It's not particularly an easy swim to be greeted by mountains on the other side in the wilderness of Turkey, but I think the implication really was it'd be better to sleep at the bottom of the sea than it would be to stay in the refugee camp.
00:19:09.698 --> 00:19:17.117
Thankfully, both those boys are alive and well and they have gained asylum and have been relocated into Europe.
00:19:17.117 --> 00:19:18.873
Now they're prospering.
00:19:18.873 --> 00:19:30.076
I'm connected with them on social media and so I see them now and again doing really well, but some of the stories of those students and their lives and how they got to where they were and what they were escaping from just ripped my heart to shreds.
00:19:31.289 --> 00:19:36.017
So can you share some of that I would be very interested to and I'm sure a lot of people would be interested in about.
00:19:36.017 --> 00:19:41.741
You know, we're kind of privileged here in America, so you know, I don't think anybody really understands what you were talking about.
00:19:41.741 --> 00:19:49.954
As far as the underground and the migrant issues that are going on, and especially when you say that this camp was dire, I don't know if we can actually picture that.
00:19:49.954 --> 00:19:52.290
So if you can bring a picture to that, I think it would help a lot.
00:19:53.232 --> 00:20:03.316
So I guess maybe the best way to describe it would be to kind of walk you through what a lot of these refugees went through, because I interviewed quite a few of them for my book and I just also overheard their stories on a day-to-day level.
00:20:03.316 --> 00:20:14.361
But you have a lot of these places where, politically, the systems are just crumbling and there's no real hope for a lot of, particularly the younger generation.
00:20:14.361 --> 00:20:16.096
So I'm going to focus on Iraq in particular.
00:20:16.096 --> 00:20:33.038
There's a really large youth boom, so the younger generation, sort of 30 and below, are just this massive growing population there and the infrastructure of the country just isn't such that it's going to support that kind of a workforce.
00:20:33.038 --> 00:20:50.393
Basically there isn't enough industry, there's not enough jobs, basically, and so a lot of these young people find themselves without any prospects for a future, without any sense of hope, and so a lot of these young people find themselves without any prospects for a future, without any sense of hope, and so there's this constant yearning to go someplace where they might be able to make a living, where they'd be able to do something worthwhile, find meaning with their lives.
00:20:50.393 --> 00:20:59.063
And, surprisingly, a lot of the refugees that have come across, the asylum seekers, were very highly trained Doctors, lawyers, politicians, engineers.
00:20:59.063 --> 00:21:00.353
These are not the untrained, unskilled, uneducated Now.
00:21:00.353 --> 00:21:13.974
Lawyers, politicians, engineers these are not the untrained, unskilled, uneducated Now that does exist in the refugee population, but a lot of them had been through university, had high-level positions in politics or in society and, for whatever reason, life was untenable.
00:21:13.974 --> 00:21:28.131
They held opposing ideologies to the party in power, opposing ideologies to the patented of the party in power, or they were in a country where homosexuality wasn't allowed or where a political religious beliefs didn't align with the culture at large.
00:21:28.131 --> 00:21:33.172
Whatever it is, plenty of people had found themselves where they were unable to say their home country.
00:21:33.712 --> 00:21:36.299
The first step that a lot of people do is they get a visa to turkey.
00:21:36.661 --> 00:21:42.323
If you're an international migrant, turkey is your gateway because it's relatively they've got relatively lax immigration laws.
00:21:42.323 --> 00:21:46.921
That's fairly easy to get, a tourist visa at least, and once you're in the country you can disappear in the countryside.
00:21:46.921 --> 00:21:53.532
A lot of them will find themselves in the tourist visa into Turkey and then disappear in the megapolis of Istanbul.
00:21:53.532 --> 00:22:14.049
There's actually boarding houses all throughout the city where these migrants and these refugees, asylum seekers who are wanting to go onward to Europe, will stay in these makeshift hostels for months on end, waiting for the right opportunity, the right smuggler, the right price to get out and into Europe.
00:22:14.049 --> 00:22:25.296
And so you know, you find these houses where they have 30, 40, 50 people crammed into a two bedroom house, just bunk beds everywhere, and you live, unable to work, unable to sort of.
00:22:25.296 --> 00:22:52.660
You know, you maybe cash in hand if you get a job someplace, but for deal with boat drivers and times and places and beaches and locations and truck drivers and places where you can hop on and be smuggled across, it'll charge upwards of $8,000 per person.
00:22:54.391 --> 00:22:56.353
And we're talking USD equivalent to USD, the equivalent of USD $8,000?
00:22:56.353 --> 00:22:56.353
.
00:22:56.353 --> 00:22:56.873
Usd equivalent to USD.
00:22:56.893 --> 00:22:58.315
The equivalent $8,000?
00:22:58.315 --> 00:22:58.315
.
00:22:58.315 --> 00:23:18.934
What happens then is, once you've paid your money, you deposit half of the funds, usually at a Western Union or some money teller of that variety and anybody who's transferred money internationally through one of those services.
00:23:18.934 --> 00:23:30.652
You're given a long string of numbers, an alphanumeric code, where you take that number and you rip it in half and you give one half of that code to your smuggler who's brokering this whole deal with you, and you keep the other half and when you arrive safely on the other end, then you communicate the other half of that number so they can collect their money.
00:23:30.652 --> 00:23:34.471
So this is the whole guarantee kind of insurance policy that's coming out.
00:23:34.471 --> 00:23:38.317
There is just this alphanumeric string of numbers from the western union.
00:23:39.358 --> 00:24:09.015
So the smuggler will basically give you a time and a date and they'll often, if they're a quote-unquote good smuggler, will pick you up in a minibus and drive you down the coast somewhere to a deserted beach on the coast of Turkey, point you to the beach, say walk one mile that way and you'll find our guy with his boat there and you'll load up in the middle of the night and head out to sea.
00:24:09.015 --> 00:24:15.794
And the problem is that you know they bring in these boats that are, you know, basically designed for, you know, 10 or 12 passengers, and we'll cram up to 100 people onto these.
00:24:15.794 --> 00:24:21.144
100 people men, women, children, no life vests, you know, out to the middle of the night.
00:24:21.144 --> 00:24:35.731
And the reality is as well that the drivers of these boats are often the ones who aren't able to raise the funds to pay for their passage, and so they pay for their passage by being the boat driver.
00:24:35.731 --> 00:24:44.117
Well, if you're from the middle of the desert in anbar province, iraq, you've never been in a boat that is going to drive across the open sea.
00:24:44.117 --> 00:24:46.614
So you're given five minute training on here's how the boat works.
00:24:46.614 --> 00:24:59.374
And then you're in charge of 100 men, women and children driving across the aegean sea towards the greek islands, praying to god that you don't get, you know, picked up by coast guard or pushed back or hit a reef someplace and drown.
00:24:59.594 --> 00:25:24.395
And I think it was last year or two years ago, just to Italy alone, there were 3,000 deaths of migrants on these boats that were crossing, and it was in the order of 150 plus thousand immigrants to Italy alone, order of 150 plus thousand immigrants to italy alone.
00:25:24.395 --> 00:25:25.720
You know greece, where I was, the island that I was stuck on.
00:25:25.720 --> 00:25:27.806
I was working with a refugee hotspot that was designed.
00:25:27.806 --> 00:25:30.772
The reception center was designed to hold 600 people.
00:25:30.772 --> 00:25:38.791
There were 6 000 people whoa living in this camp and this and to put this into perspective.
00:25:39.854 --> 00:25:46.085
So you had said that back to Turkey, from where your island was, it was like a mile, yeah.
00:25:46.085 --> 00:25:53.981
So basically you've got people that are paying $8,000 to get down to the beach onto a dinghy.
00:25:53.981 --> 00:25:59.621
One mile, yeah, Just 1,600 meters Yep To the other side.